Which type of topical disinfectant is commonly used to irrigate root canals?

Sodium hypochlorite is the most widely used topical disinfectant for irrigating root canals due to its effective antibacterial properties and ability to dissolve organic tissue. During root canal treatment, it helps to eliminate bacteria and disinfect the canal, which is essential for preventing infection and promoting healing. Sodium hypochlorite is favored because it not only disinfects but also breaks down necrotic tissue, making it easier to clean the canal effectively. Its properties make it an indispensable material in endodontic procedures, where maintaining a sterile environment is critical to the success of the treatment.

While chlorobutanol is used for different purposes, such as a local anesthetic and preservative, it does not hold the same antibacterial capabilities for root canal irrigation. Hydrogen peroxide has some antiseptic properties but is less effective in comparison to sodium hypochlorite and can potentially lead to the release of gas bubbles that may complicate canal cleaning. Alcohol, though a disinfectant, is not appropriate for root canal irrigation as it does not effectively dissolve organic material in the way sodium hypochlorite does. Thus, sodium hypochlorite is distinctly the best choice in this context.